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A matsayin tushen makamashi mai tsabta, wutar lantarki ta ci gaba da sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Tare da haɓaka na'urorin wutar lantarki, farantin karfen da aka yi amfani da su na yin kauri da kauri, kuma wasu sun wuce 100mm, wanda ya sa gaba da buƙatun walda. A halin yanzu, Q355 ko DH36 ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan aikin wutar lantarki, kuma hanyoyin walda gabaɗaya suna zaɓar walƙiyar kariyar iskar gas mai juyi (FCAW) da walƙiyar baka (SAW).
A cikin aiwatar da masana'antar hasumiya ta iska, tsattsauran tsatsauran ra'ayi suna da saurin faruwa a cikin layin haɗin gwiwa ko yanayin yankin da zafin ya shafa bayan walda firam ɗin ƙofa, kuma mafi girman farantin karfe, mafi girman halayen fasa. Dalilin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar m superposition na danniya, waldi zafin jiki, waldi jerin, hydrogen tarawa, da dai sauransu, don haka ya kamata a warware daga da yawa links kamar waldi abu, waldi jerin, waldi zafin jiki, tsari iko, da dai sauransu.
1. Zaɓin kayan amfani da walda
Saboda sashin walda yana da mahimmanci, ya zama dole a fifita kayan walda tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙazanta, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi da juriya mai kyau, irin su GFL-71Ni (GB/T10045 T494T1-1 C1 A, AWS A5.20 E71T-1C). -J).
Yawan aiki na samfuran GFL-71Ni:
● Ƙunshin ƙazanta mai ƙarancin ƙazanta, P+S ≤0.012% (wt%) ana iya sarrafa shi.
● Kyakkyawan elongation plasticity, elongation bayan hutu≥27%.
● Ƙunƙarar tasiri mai kyau, -40 ° C tasirin tasirin tasirin makamashi ≥ fiye da 100J.
● Kyakkyawan aikin CTOD.
● Yadawa hydrogen abun ciki H5 ko ƙasa da haka.
2. Welding tsari iko
(1) Welding preheating da inter-channel zafin jiki kula
Dangane da ma'auni masu dacewa da cikakkiyar ƙwarewar da ta gabata, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar preheating da zafin jiki na tashoshi:
● 20 ~ 38mm lokacin farin ciki, preheating zafin jiki sama da 75 °C.
● 38 ~ 65mm lokacin farin ciki, preheating zafin jiki sama da 100 ° C.
● Fiye da 65mm lokacin farin ciki, zafin jiki mai zafi sama da 125 ° C.
A cikin hunturu, ana buƙatar la'akari da asarar zafi, don haka ya kamata a daidaita shi ta 30 ~ 50 ° C akan wannan tushen.
(2) The workpiece ya kamata a ci gaba mai tsanani a lokacin waldi tsari don kula da isasshen inter-tashar zafin jiki
● 20 ~ 38mm lokacin farin ciki, ana bada shawara don sarrafa zafin jiki tsakanin tashoshi 130 ~ 160 ° C.
● 38 ~ 65mm lokacin farin ciki, ana bada shawara don sarrafa zafin jiki tsakanin tashoshi 150 ~ 180 ° C.
● Fiye da 65mm lokacin farin ciki, ana bada shawara don sarrafa zafin jiki tsakanin tashoshi 170 ~ 200 ° C.
Na'urar auna zafin jiki ya fi dacewa don amfani da kayan auna zafin lamba, ko alƙalamin auna zafin jiki na musamman.
3, Welding takamaiman iko
| Diamita na walda waya | Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar | Shigar da zafi |
| 1.2 mm | 220-280A/26-30V 300mm/min | 1.1-2.0KJ/mm |
| 1.4 mm | 230-300A/26-32V 300mm/min | 1.1-2.0KJ/mm |
Lura 1: Ya kamata a zaɓi ƙaramin halin yanzu don waldawar ƙasa, kuma murfin cikawa na iya zama mafi girma da kyau, amma kada ya wuce ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar.
Lura 2: Faɗin bead ɗin walda guda ɗaya bai kamata ya wuce 20mm ba, kuma yakamata a tsara ƙirar walda gwargwadon halin da ake ciki. Lokacin da tsagi ya fadi, ya kamata a yi amfani da walda mai yawa, wanda ke da amfani don tsaftace hatsi.
4. Kula da jerin walda
Yana da kyau a yi amfani da walda mai ma'ana ta mutum da yawa don walda na shekara-shekara, wanda zai iya rage damuwa sosai, kuma walƙiya mai ma'ana ta mutum 4 ya fi walƙiya ta mutum biyu.
5. Cire hydrogen a tsakiyar walda
Cire hydrogen a tsakiyar sashe wani ma'auni ne da aka ɗauka a kan tarin hydrogen mai yaduwa a cikin walda na faranti mai kauri. Binciken ya nuna cewa tasirin yana bayyane ga faranti masu kauri wanda ya fi 70mm girma. Tsarin aiki shine kamar haka:
● Dakatar da walƙiya zuwa kusan 2/3 na dukan dutsen dutse.
● Dehydrogenation 250-300 ℃ × 2 ~ 3h.
● Ci gaba da walda har sai an gama cire hydrogen.
● Bayan walda, rufe da auduga mai rufewa kuma sannu a hankali kwantar da hankali zuwa zafin jiki.
6. Wasu al'amura masu bukatar kulawa
● Kafin walda, bevels ya kamata ya kasance mai tsabta da tsabta.
● Ya kamata a guji motsin motsi kamar yadda zai yiwu. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da dutsen walda kai tsaye da walƙiya mai yawa-layi da yawa.
● Tsawon tsayin waya mai waldawa bai kamata ya wuce 25mm ba. Idan rami ya yi zurfi sosai, da fatan za a zaɓi bututun ƙarfe.
● Bayan da aka tsaftace na'urar ta carbon, dole ne a goge launin karfe kafin a ci gaba da walda.
Muna da adadi mai yawa na misalan aikace-aikacen kayan aikin walda da ake amfani da su a cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki, maraba don tambaya!
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-24-2022